Description of
the invention with claims and drawings
The method of creation of three-dimensional
color virtual video image and device for creation of effect of virtual reality
for user
Field of
the invention
The invention is related to
video technology and intended for creation of three-dimensional color virtual
video image and creation of effect of virtual reality for user by the use of
binocular scanner (two ocular scanners). For the first time a user of video
instrument will have possibility to "penetrate" into virtual
three-dimensional space and have an illusion of participation in virtual
events. The effect of virtual reality for user considerably exceeds illusion of
three-dimensional effect of holography.
The invention is intended for
viewing of different video images, including video movies, TV program, computer
games and programs, in the mode of virtual reality. The specific participation effect is achieved
for computer games, when a player has the complete illusion of direct
participation in real game. Application of the invention in simulators for
training of drivers, pilots and other specialists will create the complete
illusion of reality and will accelerate the process of training. The invention
could be applied as an instrument of night vision in infrared, ultraviolet and
other ranges of electromagnetic radiation. The invention could replace display
of computer and TV set. It is designed in form of binocular scanner, and being
put on head of a user it connects him with a virtual space. Besides, the
invention could be applied for projection of video image on a flat screen.
Background
of the invention
There are known method of
creation of volume holographic television with the use of coherent laser
radiation (see US Patent № 4,359,758 (1982), H04N 9/54 (U.S. Cl. 358/90) and US
Patent № 4,484,219 (1984), H04N 9/54 (U.S. Cl. 358/90). In spite of patents the
practical realization of holographic television (three-dimensional moving
picture) is connected with many technical difficulties and first of all with
solution of problem of fast recording and erasing of holograms on special
carriers (volume media). Up to now this problem is not solved practically. But
even if it will be solved, holographic volume video image will not allow to a
user to penetrate in virtual space and observe virtual events as real.
The closest technical solution (prototype) to the offered invention is
"The method of large-angle high deflecting frequency scanning of laser
beam for transmission and receiving of video and other images and device for
its realization" (the patent application on invention №
2006136455/28(039706) of October 17, 2006). The use of the method of
large-angle high deflecting frequency scanning of laser beam allows projecting
a video image on screen according to the principle of scanning of screen by
method of line and frame scanning of TV image. For this purpose it is necessary
to have a primary record of original video image of observed objects in form of
analogue of digital electric signal with modulation of brightness of laser
beam.
The device for large-angle high deflecting frequency scanning of laser
beam, referred below as the scanner, includes two linear, mechanically coupled
strip resonators, the first of which is equipped with the exciter of
oscillation and made in form of plate, on the end of which the second resonator
in form of thin elastic strip with reflecting mirror cover is fixed. In case of
exciting of oscillations of resonators amplitude of oscillations of the second
resonator significantly exceeds amplitude of oscillations of the first
resonator, which allows making line large-angle high deflecting frequency
scanning of laser beam on frequencies of standard video signal. If to equip
this device with additional device of frame scanning, we shall obtain the
instrument, referred below as the scanner. The scanner allows making line and
framing scanning of laser beam in horizontal and vertical direction.
However, this method of large-angle high deflecting frequency scanning
of laser beam and device for its realization does not allow creating
three-dimensional color virtual video image directly and does not allow to a
user to "penetrate" in virtual space.
Summary
of the invention
The technical solution, on
achievement of which the invention is directed, is the creation of conditions
for obtaining of three-dimension color virtual video image and creation of
effect of virtual reality for a user by the use of the binocular scanner (two
ocular scanners).
Realization of the offered
technical solution allows creating an illusion of penetration in virtual space
by forming of three-dimensional color virtual video image on retina by method
of scanning. Scanning is executed by two ocular scanners fixed on helmet on
head of a user.
Disclosure
of the invention
The mentioned technical result
is achieved by the following way: in this method three-dimensional color
virtual video image is created by the method of line and frame scanning
directly of retina by beam of white light (mixture of red, green and blue
colors). Curvature of eye-lens is compensated and/or angle of entering of light
beam into eyeball is enlarged by installation of additional focus of
convergence of light beams inside a eye-lens or eyeball. Video image on retina
is formed as inverted by 180° in vertical direction. So retina is scanned simultaneously and
independently in right and left eye and image in each eye is formed from two
different video signals, obtained by record of initial video image of objects
under different angles.
Besides, line scanning of retina
is made by light beam according to approximately sinusoidal law on frequency
equal to half of frequency of line scanning of initial video signal, and
selection of video signals for even and uneven scanning lines in two series of
direct and reverse sequence is previously executed. Video signal for uneven
lines of direct sequence is deleted in time, and video signal for even lines is
inverted in time into video signal of reverse sequence. Then video signals are
mixed into one adapted video signal, which is recorded by the unit of
electronic memory. Then video signal is extracted synchronously with scanner
operation providing interlacing of reverse beam path in reversed sequence, and
time of passing of line is limited by the linear part of sine curve. So two
frames for direct and reversed sequence of beam path are simultaneously formed
and then frames of direct and reversed sequences are mixed into integer frame;
control of color and brightness of video image is provided by changing of power
and duration of light beam simultaneously for each color (red, green, blue)
separately.
The mentioned technical result
is achieved by the following way: in realization of the method according to
items 1 and 2 of the formula of the invention the device for creation of effect
of virtual reality for user is made in form of binocular scanner (two ocular
scanners at center-to-center distance), which consists of two cases of ocular
scanners, lenses, helmet, device for line and frame scanning, LED three-color
emitter or white color laser, censors of synchronization, scanners control
system, video signal and LED three-color emitter, sound system and power supply
system. Cases of ocular scanners are installed inside the helmet, and inside of
each case of ocular scanner there are built-in devices of line and frame
scanning, three-color emitter of white light, sensors of synchronization. The
device of line scanning is equipped with rigid reflecting plate, installed on
the end of elastic strip of the second resonator, and the device of line
canning is installed in hermetic case with transparent window. The device of
frame scanning is made as the line scanning one or includes the reflecting
plate with vibration drive from micro-engine, for example, stepping motor;
three-color emitter of white color includes three chips (red, green, blue) and
equipped with optical fiber system for mixing colors.
Besides, the device
corresponding to item 3 of the formula of the invention is distinguished by the
fact that the system of control of ocular scanners, video signal and LED
three-color emitter includes the line selector, delay unit, two memory units
(the first and the second), reader unit, mixer, unit of synchronization with photo
sensors, bus lines, generator of synch pulses, power supply unit. The line
selector is connected by buses with the delay unit, the reader unit is
connected by buses with the first memory unit and the mixer, which is connected
by buses with the delay unit, while the mixer is connected by buses with the
second memory unit, which is connected by buses with the unit of
synchronization with photo sensors, and photo sensors are installed as the end
sensors of line and frame scanning system inside the ocular scanner.
Short
description of figures
Figure 1 shows the vertical
section of human eye. It shows that the real image on retina is inverted.
Figure 2 shows that all existing
methods of creation of video image are connected with the use of a screen
(display).
Figure 3 shows the scheme of
scanning of retina by light (laser) beam with applying video image on retina.
Figure 4 shows the scheme of
compensation of optical curvature of eye lens.
Figure 5 shows the scheme of
enlargement of the angle of entering of light beam into eyeball by convergence
of light beams in focus inside a eye-lens or eyeball.
Figure 6 shows the scheme of
creation of volume video image in three-dimensional space.
Figure 7 (a, b, c) shows the
scheme of the scanner operation on different stages of light beam scanning.
Figure 8 shows the harmonic
curve close ti the sine curve, according to which the line scanning of light
beam is executed by the scanner.
Figure 9 shows the saw-tooth
curve of the standard line scanning, for example, of electron beam in TV
kinescope.
Figure 10 shows superposition of
sine and saw-tooth curves.
Figure 11 shows the time
limitation of line by linear part of sine curve.
Figure 12 shows the standard
video signal (a) and stages (b, c, d) of its transformation into adapted video
signal.
Figure 13 shows the block
diagram of transformation of the standard video signal adapted for direct and
reversed beam path in interlacing scanning.
Figure 14 shows the scanning
pattern of a frame of video image obtained by method of direct and reversed
beam path in interlacing scanning.
Figure 15 shows the block
diagram of image color and brightness control.
Figure 16 shows the digital
pulse of the color video signal in light beam.
Figure 17 shows the scheme of
the binocular scanner (cross section, upper view) for creation of effect of
virtual reality.
Figure 18 shows the ocular
scanner (cross section, F - side view, B - upper view).
Figure 19 shows the device of
line scanning.
Figure 20 shows the LED
three-color emitter in cross section.
Figure 21 shows the block
diagram of the control system of ocular scammers, video signal and LED
three-color emitter.
Figure 22 shows the binocular
scanner for creation of effect of virtual reality for a user according to the
invention.
Figure 23 shows construction of
the second resonator in form of optical light guide.
Figure 24 shows construction of
the ocular scanner with scanning rotating head.
Realization of the invention
Figure 1 shows
vertical section of human eye. Human eye (eyeball) 1 has complicated structure,
but for explanation of method of creation of three-dimensional color virtual
video image it will be enough to consider the eye-lens 3 and retina 2. Image of
real object 4 (arrow) is projected through eye-lens 3 on retina of eye 2.
Eye-lens is lens. Light beams from object are refracted by eye-lens according
to laws of geometric optics. So image 5 on retina is upturned. Besides, retina
is not a flat screen, but sphere, and projected image 5 is spherically curved.
Retina 2 transforms optical image in nervous signals, which are directed to
brain, and an individual sees real objects. Human brain operates in such way
that image, upturned and spherically curved on retina, becomes not upturned and
not curved. Individual sees the real world.
All known methods
of artificial imaging are connected with projection of image on screen
(display): cinema, TV, computer. Screen is an intermediate device between
individual and reproduced video image.
Figure 2 shows that
image from screen (display) 6 is projected on retina 2. Image of arrow
In order to
perceive three-dimensional color video image by brain as real, it is necessary
to create conditions of perception analogous to perception of real
three-dimensional space. For this purpose it is necessary to remove screen
(display) as intermediate link between individual and real space and to project
video image directly on retina. Such technique deceives perception of image by
brain, which in absence of screen perceives video image, directly projected on
retina, as real in spite of illusiveness of video picture. This technique allows
creating absolute illusion of reality (virtual reality).
In order to create
absolute illusion of virtual reality it is necessary to modulate light beam by
video signal and, directly scanning retina by light beam, reproduce video image
on retina without its reproduction on intermediate screen. So eye will estimate
only direct video image on retina, obtained without projection on intermediate
screen, as it take place in reality. Initially recorded video image of real
object, after such projection on retina reconstructs initial image of object.
Let us consider
particularities of creation of three-dimensional color virtual video image on
retina. But first of all we need to specify that laser beam is coherent
radiation on particular frequency. In case of mixing of several colors laser
beam is the carrier of several color frequencies. So term “color beam”, which
was used above and will be used below, being the more wide notion, includes
laser radiation, as well as LAD and other kinds of radiations, because light
beam could be formed by focusing and irising of divergent light radiation.
Figure 3 shows
principle of scanning of retina by light beam with transfer of video image on
retina. Line and frame scanning light beam goes from scanner 7, passes eye-lens
3 and reconstructs on retina 2 initial video image 5, which is perceived by
user as real 4, located behind scanner 7. Exclusion of screen and direct
projection of image on retina allows to create virtual picture close to
reality. Scanning light beam transfers virtual video image directly of retina,
creating illusion of reality.
In formula of
invention the proposed method is characterized in “that virtual video image for
user is created by direct line and frame scanning of retina by light beam”. It
is significant characteristic feature of the method, because direct transfer of
video image on retina by line and frame scanning by light beam earlier was not
known. And only direct scanning of retina by light beam gives positive effect
of perception of virtual reality.
However, direct
scanning of retina by light beam depends on features of biological structure of
eye, which require additional techniques of creation of direct video image.
First of all, it is
necessary to note than eye-lens is needed for focusing of image on retina. I
case of laser transfer of image by method of scanning necessity of focusing of
image on retina is excluded. In this case eye-lens becomes needless element
distorting video image projecting on retina by laser beam (Figure 3).
In order to
compensate influence of optical curvature of eye-lens compensating concave lens
8 with inverted curvature is installed between eye-lens 3 and scanner 7 (Figure
4). In this case light beam from scanner is projected on retina in a straight
line (for simplification refraction of beam in eye-lens and compensating lens
is not shown in Figure 4). Contact lens could be used as compensating one.
In the formula of
invention this element of method is reflected by phrase: “and compensates
curvature of eye-lens”. The fact that it is achieved by use of lens 8 is
reflected later in formula for device.
However, small dimensions of the
eye-lens and pupil of eye require a very close position of the scanner 7 to
eye, and this creates discomfort for user. In order to move the scanner away
from eye it is necessary to enlarge the angle of entering of light beam into
the eyeball. For this purpose convex lens is installed between the eye-lens and
scanner
In the formula of the invention
this element of method is reflected by the phrase: "optical curvature of
the eye-lens is compensated and/or the angle of entering of the light beam into
the eyeball is enlarged by convergence of light beams in focus inside the
eye-lens or eyeball and an image on the retina is created as upturned by 180°”. It is achieved by lens 9 and is
reflected in the formula of the invention for the device. Besides, the image on
retina could be upturned by scanning the retina bottom-up.
In order to obtain the volume
image "the retina is scanned simultaneously and independently in right and
left eye and image in each eye is formed from two different video signals,
obtained by record of initial video image of objects under different
angles". For recording of objects under different angles it is necessary
to use two coupled video cameras with objectives installed approximately at
interpupillary distance, synchronizing the two-channel record on single
carrier. During display of two-channel record according to the offered method
each eye of the user sees its own video image, and images in each eye are
shifted under different angles, as if observing the real picture in
three-dimensional space. By this method the optical illusion of volume is
achieved.
Figure 6 shows principle of
creation of volume video image in three-dimensional space. Left and right
scanners 7 create independent images in left and right eyes under different
angles through two video signals, initially recorded under different angles.
Brain of user perceives image of each eye and creates virtual picture of
space-time close to real.
Rot example, if user watches TV
football broadcasting, proposed method of creation of video image creates
complete illusion of presence at game. Furthermore, user could virtually come
closer to football payer, having illusion of presence on field. It depends on
camera angle. And each football player 4 on field will be perceived as real
person (Figure 6).
Now let us consider technical
solution of creation of color image, control of video signal and its
synchronization with scanner. It is known from physics that white color is the
mixture of three colors: red, green and blue. There are known lasers of white
color, which consist of three lasers: red, green and blue. There are known also
three-color LEDs, which consist of three LEDs: red, green and blue. The use of
known technical solution for new purpose, which gives new effect, is the
characteristic part of invention. Direct scanning of retina by white light beam
(mixture of red, green and blue colors) was not known before and it gives the
new effect of creation of color virtual video image, so this element of formula
is included in the characteristic part.
Application of “Method of
large-angle high deflecting frequency scanning of laser beam for transmission
and receiving of video and other images
and device for its realization” (Application No 2006136455/28(039706) of
17.10.2006) for creation of volume color virtual video image has its own
specific features. First of all, it a resonant method of exciting of scanners
for deflection of light beam, which requires principally new technical methods
of synchronization.
Figure 7 (a, b, c) shows
principle of scanner operation at different stages of light beam deflection,
for example, at 150°. Scanner includes: first resonator 10, second resonator 11
with reflecting mirrored surface, exciter of oscillations 12, input and
reflected light beams 13. The second resonator 11 oscillated in resonance
according to harmonic law close to sine, deflecting light beam according to the
same law.
Figure 8 shows harmonic curve,
close to sine, according to which line scanning of light beam is executed by
scanner (ωt is cyclic frequency, rad/sec; Т1 is
period of scanning of light beam, sec; X is horizontal deflection of light beam
or deflection of oscillation of reflecting surface of resonator 11 (Figure 7).
Figure 9 shows “sawtooth” curve
of standard line scanning, for example, of electron beam of TV kinescope.
Period of “sawtoot” is Т2. Horizontal deflection X of beam executes on part а1-а2 of “sawtooth”. Time of passing of a line is t1. During this
part video image of one line is displayed on TV screen. Return line on part b1-b2 during time t2 is extinguished and is not seen on screen.
Let us compare form of curve of
resonant line scanning of light beam by scanner (Figure 8) and standard
“sawtooth” curve of line scanning of electron beam of kinescope (Figure 9).
Let us compare form of curve of
resonant line scanning of light beam by scanner (Figure 8) with standard
“sawtooth” curve of line scanning of electron beam of kinescope (Figure 9). It
is seen that resonant line sine scanning of light beam does not correspond to
standard “sawtooth” scanning of video signal. New technical solution for
adaptation of proposed method of creation of virtual video image is required.
Formula of invention in stead of term “laser beam” uses more wide term “light
beam”.
In order to do that, line
scanning of retina is executed by light beam according to quasi-sine law at
frequency equal to one half of frequency of line scanning of initial video
signal, preliminary selection of video signal for even and uneven lines of
scanning in two flows of direct and reverse sequence is executed, video signal
for uneven lines of direct sequence is delayed in time, video signal for even
lines is inverted in time into video signal of reverse sequence, then signals
are mixed in one adapted video signal, which is recorded into unit of
electronic memory, then video signal is extracted synchronously with scanner
operation, providing interlacing of reverse beam path in reverse sequence, time
of path of line is limited by linear part of sine curve, so two frames for
direct and reverse sequence of light beam path are created simultaneously, then
frames for direct and reverse sequences are combined into one frame. We could
explain these operations in detail.
Figure 10 shows combination of
sine curve Х1 and “sawtooth” curve Х2 . For this purpose sine curve should be shifted I relation to
“sawtooth” curve by ΔT1 . As it is seen, period of sine curve Т1 is two time more than period Т2 of “sawtooth” curve. Period is inversely proportional to frequency of
oscillations. So frequency of sine scanning should be two times less than
frequency of “sawtooth” curve in order to provide equivalent speed of scanning
of light beam. For example, in case of 625 lines in frame and frequency of
frame scanning 25 frames per second standard frequency of line scanning should
be 15625 Hz. In case of transition from “sawtooth” curve to sine curve
frequency of frame scanning and frequency of line scanning will be two time
decreased and will be 7812,5 Hz.
Figure 11 shows limitation of
line time by linear part of sine curve. For this purpose sine curve shall be
cut from above and from below, line scanning is executed at its linear part for
direct beam path from left to right on line а1-а2, and for reverse beam path from right to left on line b1-b2.
As it is seen, direct and reverse beam path are used for creation of image.
During period Т1 two lines – direct and reverse are executed. So at frequency of line
sine scanning equal to 7812,5 Hz we shall obtain standard 625 lines with frame
scanning 25 frames per second.
Figure 12 shows standard video
signal (a) and stages of its transformation (b, c, d) into adapted video
signal. Uneven 14 and even 16 lines of standard digital video signal are
divided by synchronizing pulses 14 (Figure
In order to adapt standard video
signal to sine line scanning it is necessary to use part b1-b2 of scanning of reverse path of light beam in
reverse sequence. It is necessary to invert line 2 of video signal
In order to invert even signals
Figure 13 shows block diagram of
transformation of standard video signal, adapted for direct and reversed path
of beam in interlacing scanning. Standard signal goes to line selector 20,
where it is divided in two interlacing groups 17 and 18 of direct sequence
(Figure 12b). Video signal 17 goes to unit 21 of time delay. Video signal 18
goes to RAM 22. Unit 23 reads signal of even lines from ROM (unit 22) in
reversed sequence. Then video signals of direct and reversed sequences from
units 22 and 21 go to mixer 24, then to unit 25 of RAM. On output of unit 25 we
have video signal of direct 19 and reversed sequences (Figure 12d), adapted for
line scanning of direct and reversed path of light beam. Extraction of video
signal from unit 25 is synchronized with path of light beam through line а1-а2 and b1-b2 (Figure 11). For this purpose photo sensors
are installs on specified points. Video signals from several frames could be
record in memory unit 14. So adapted video signal on output of unit 17 will be
delayed in time in relation to initial video signal.
Figure 14 shows raster of frame
of video image, which obtained by method of direct and reverse path of beam of
interlacing. Direct beam а1-а2 reads line from left to right
and reversed beam b1-b2 does in from right to left, filling 625 lines of raster of frame and
creating video image. So two interlacing frames for direct and reversed paths
of beam are combined in one frame. It allows to combine pictures of two
interlacing frames in one frame during adjustment. In process of projecting of
video image on retina scanning is executed bottom-up, upturning image.
Control of color and brightness
of image is executed by change of power ad duration of light beam
simultaneously for each color (red, green, blue) separately.
Figure 15 shows block-diagram of
control of color and brightness of image. Adapted video signal from unit 25
(Figure 13) goes through color unit 26 to white laser 27, which consists of
three monochrome lasers with separate control: red 28, green 29, blue 30. After
passing through unit of color mixing 31 light beam goes to scanner 32, which
includes systems of line 33 and frame 34 scanning. In result image is created
on screen 35 or retina 2 (Figure 6). It is necessary to note that for creation
of video image on retina only LED lasers of very small power are used.
Figure 16 shows digital pulse of
color video signal in light beam, which includes three colors: red 28, green
29, blue 30. By changing amplitude (power) of pulses and their duration
brightness and color of video image is adjusted according to specific algorithm
and program. Sequence of digital pulses determines structure of video signal.
So description od proposed
method of creation of volume color virtual video image on retina is completed.
Description is reflected all elements of formula of invention.
Now we shall consider
construction and operation of device for creation of effect of virtual reality,
which realizes method of creation of volume color virtual video image.
As prototype of device there is
used the devise for line scanning, which consists of two linear, mechanically
coupled strip resonators, the first of which is equipped with the exciter of
oscillation, the second resonator is made in form of elastic strip, fixed at
the end of the first resonator (application № 2006136455/28(039706 of 17.10.2006 "The method of large-format
high-speed scanning of laser beam for transmission and receiving of video and
other images and device for its realization").
According to variant 1 Figure 17
shows cross-section of device (upper view) for creation of effect of virtual
reality, which is made in form of binocular scanner 37 (two scanners-oculars 38
and 39, spaced on center-to-center distance), which includes: two case 40 and 41
of scanners-oculars, lenses 42 and 43, helmet 44, device of line 45 and frame
46 scanning, LED three-color emitter 47(or white laser), sensors for
synchronization, system of control, sound system and power supply (does not
shown in Figure).
Binocular scanner 37 consists
off two scanners-oculars 38 and 39, spaced on center-to-center distance.
Analysis of condition of video technique shows that binocular scanner and
scanners-oculars are proposed for the first time and are the subjects of
invention. Scanners-oculars are fixed on helmet, which is put on head of user
in such way that oculars were placed in front of eyes. Let us consider
construction of scanners-oculars in detail.
Figure 18 shows ocular-scanner
Figure 19 shows device of line
scanning 45, which consists of hermetically sealed case 52 with transparent
window 53, first strip resonator 10, exciter of oscillation 12, second
resonator in form elastic strip 11, hard reflecting plate 54, magnet 55. Hard
reflecting plate 54 is installed at the end of elastic strip 11 of the second
resonator. Magnet 55 is fixed on the first strip resonator 10. Exciter of
oscillations 12 consists of coil 56 with winding and magnetic core 57, which
installed inside non-magnetic case
Device of line scanning 45
operated similar to prototype (Figure 7). Frequency of oscillation of line
scanning is set in accordance with proposed method, for example, 7812,5 Hz. Generator
of electric oscillation with frequency 7812,5 Hz (not shown in Figure) feeds
coil 56 of oscillations exciter. Alternative magnet field of magnetic core 57
influences magnet 55 of the first strip resonator 10, activating its resonant
oscillations, which are amplified by the second resonator, which has the form
of elastic strip 11, providing rotational oscillations of reflecting plate 54
and scanning of light (laser) beam at angle 120° and more.
Figure 20 shows cross-section of
LED three-color emitter 47, which consists of case 58, three emitting LEDs (red
59, green 60, blue 61), fiber optic light conductors 62, light conductor color
mixer 62, lens 64, entrance hole 65 for light beam. Three emitting LEDs (59,
60, 61) placed on one base. In order to carry off radiation of LEDs there are
used fiber optic light conductors 62, by one end fixed in radiation points of
LEDs, other ends of light conductors 62 are combined in one light conductor,
which goes to light conductor mixed of colors 63 made of optically transparent
material. Mixing of three colors (red, green, blue) gives on output of mixer 63
white color. In order to obtain white light beam radiation from mixer 63 goes
through lens 64 and hole 65. By selection of focal distance of lens it is
possible to focus light beam on retina. 1 sq. mm of retina contains 400000
photo receptors with diameter approximately
Construction features of
binocular scanner 37 are reflected in formula of invention in paragraph 3.
Binocular scanner operates
(Figure 17) as follows. Scanners-oculars 38 and 39 project video images from
two parallel video signals, obtained by record by binocular camera with two
spaced camera lenses under different angles. Effect of virtual reality is created
for user.
Figure 21 shows block diagram of
system of control of scanners, video signal and LED three-color emitter, which
includes line selector 20, delay unit 21, first memory unit 22, reading unit
24, mixer 24, second memory unit 25, synchronization unit 66 with photo sensors
48 (Figure 18), connecting bus bars, generator of clock signals, power supply
(not shown in Figure 21). Line selector 20 is connected by bus bars with delay
unit 21 and first memory unit 22. Reading unit 23 is connected by bas bars with
first memory unit 22 and mixer 24. Delay unit 21 is connected by bus bars with
mixer 24. Mixer 24 is connected by bus bars with second memory unit 25, which
is connected by bus bars with synchronization unit 66. Synchronization unit 66
is connected with photo sensors 48, which are installed on linear parts a1-a2 and b1-b2 (Figure
11) of line scanning of light beam, as well as in beginning ad end of frame
scanning, as end probes of line and frame scanning inside scanner.
System of control of scanners,
video signal and LED three-color emitter operates as follows (in part
considered in description of method Figure 13). Standard digital video signal
goes to line selector 20 and is divided in two flows of direct sequence for
uneven and even lines of scanning (Figure 12). Video signal of direct sequence
(uneven lines) has time delay in delay unit 21, which is unit of memory and
reading for control of time of delay (not shown in Figure). Vide signal of even
lines is inverted ito video signal of reverse sequence with use of first memory
unit 22 of RAM and reading unit 23 (Figure 13). Mixing of video signals of
direct and reverse sequences is executed by mixer 24. Then adapted video signal
of direct end reverse sequence goes to second memory unit 25 (RAM), fro which
it is synchronously read with commands from synchronization unit 66. Pulses of
line and frame scanning go to synchronization unit 66 from photo sensors,
installed inside ocular lenses 40 (Figure 18)
Photo sensors are installed I
the beginning and in the end of line, providing generation of synchronization
pulses for line scanning triggering for lines of direct and reverse sequences.
Photo sensors are installed also in the beginning and in the end of frame
scanning, providing frame scanning triggering from top downward and from bottom
upward (image is upturned). Reading of digital video signal within line is
executed by clock pulses from separate generator (not shown in Figure).
Separation of video signal according to color (red, green, blue) is executed by
known method and does not consider in materials of invention. For more precise
operation of system of synchronization of ocular-scanner power supply of system
of line and frame scanning is synchronized with initial video signal by known
method and does not consider in materials of application.
Standard video signal goes to
line selector 20 and is Standard signal goes to line selector 20, where it is
divided in two interlacing groups 17 and 18 of direct sequence (Figure 12b).
Video signal 17 goes to unit 21 of time delay. Video signal 18 goes to RAM 22.
Unit 23 reads signal of even lines from ROM (unit 22) in reversed sequence.
Then video signals of direct and reversed sequences from units 22 and 21 go to
mixer 24, then to unit 25 of RAM. On output of unit 25 we have video signal of
direct 19 and reversed sequences (Figure 12d), adapted for line scanning of
direct and reversed path of light beam. Extraction of video signal from unit 25
is synchronized with path of light beam through line а1-а2 and b1-b2 (Figure 11). For this purpose photo sensors
are installed on specified points. Video signals from several frames could be
record in memory unit 14.
Construction features of system
of control of scanners, video signal and LED three-color emitter are reflected
on formula of invention in paragraph 4.
Figure 22 shows binocular
scanner for creation of effect of virtual reality for user. Binocular scanner
37 consists of helmet 44, scanners-oculars 38 and 39, audio headphones 67.
Binocular scanner 37 is built in helmet 44 made or non-transparent material and
includes two scanners-oculars 38 and 39. Headphones 67 are used for perception
of accompanying sound.
According to variant 2 Figure 23
shows construction of the second resonator in form of optical wave conductor
made of elastic material (side view and upper view in cross section A-A).
Device of line scanning 68 includes the second resonator
Light beam (arrow) from
three-color emitter of white color 69 goes to fixed end of optical light
conductor of the second resonator 11 and comes out of its movable end (light
beam is marked by arrow). After exciting of oscillations of the first resonator
1 resonant oscillations of the second resonator
Figure 24 shows scanner-ocular
70 with scanning rotating head 71. Scanner-ocular 70 includes case 40, lens 42,
electric motor 51 with shaft 50, scanning rotating head 71, several devices of
line scanning 68, system of synchronization (not shown), collector for electric
circuits (not shown). Devices of line scanning 68 (Figure 23) are placed inside
rotating head 71. Devices of line scanning 68 provide scanning of light beam in
horizontal direction. When head 71 is rotated, frame scanning of light beam in
vertical direction is provided simultaneously with line scanning in horizontal
direction. Description of process of creation of video image is set forth
above.
Binocular scanner 37 (Figure 22)
operates as follows. Helmet 44 is put on head of user. Scanners-oculars 38 and
39 (or made as scanner-ocular 70, Figure 24) project on retina of left and
right eye video images from two parallel video signals, obtained by record with
binocular camera with two camera lenses under different angles. Volume
three-dimension color initial image is created. User has impression of virtual
reality, as if he observes virtual events very close to reality in
three-dimension space. This is the way of realization of method of creation of
three-dimension color virtual video image.
The use of proposed technical
solution for the first time provides creation of effect of virtual reality for
user, allowing to him to “enter” into virtual space, observe video events as
real. Besides, this technical solution will find wide application in TV,
computer displays, computer games and programs, simulators, night vision
devices and in other fiends, where visualization of information is required.
The invention could be used for projection of video image on large screen.
1.
Method of creation of three-dimension
color virtual video image, which includes prior record of initial video image
of objects of observation in form of analog or digital electric signal, similar
to line and frame scanning of TV image, characterized in that three-dimension
color virtual video image is created by method of line and frame scanning
directly of retina by white light beam (mixture of red, green and blue color),
optical curvature of eye lens is compensated and/or angle of entering of light
beam into eyeball is enlarged by installation of additional focus of
convergence of light beams inside a eye-lens or eyeball, video image on retina
is formed as inverted by 180° in vertical direction, so retina is scanned simultaneously and
independently in right and left eye and image in each eye is formed from two
different video signals, obtained by record of initial video image of objects
under different angles.
2.
Method according to paragraph 1,
characterized by that line scanning of retina in frame is executed by light
beam according to quasi-sine law at frequency equal to half of frequency of
line scanning of initial signal, preliminary selection of video signal for even
and uneven lines of scanning in two flows of direct and reverse sequence is
executed, video signal for uneven lines of direct sequence is delayed in time,
video signal for even lines is inverted in time into video signal of reverse
sequence, then signals are mixed in one adapted video signal, which is recorded
into unit of electronic memory, then video signal is extracted synchronously
with scanner operation, providing interlacing of reverse beam path in reverse
sequence, time of path of line is limited by linear part of sine curve, so two
frames for direct and reverse sequence of light beam path are created
simultaneously, then frames for direct and reverse sequences are combined into
one frame, control of color and brightness of video image is executed by change
of power and duration of light beam simultaneously for each color (red, green,
blue) separately.
3.
Device according to paragraphs 1 and 3
(variant 1) for creation of effect of virtual reality for user, which includes
device of line scanning, which consists of two linear, mechanically coupled
strip resonators, first of which is equipped wit exciter of oscillations, the
second resonator is made in form of elastic strip, fixed at the end of the
first resonator, characterized in that device for creation of effect of virtual
reality for user is made in form of binocular scanner (two scanners-oculars 38
and 39, spaced on center-to-center distance), which includes two cases of
scanners-oculars, lenses, helmet, device of line and frame scanning, LED three-color emitter or white
laser, sensors for synchronization, system of control of scanner, video signal
and LED three-color emitter, sound system and power supply, cases of
scanners-oculars are placed inside helmet, inside of each case of
scanner-ocular devices of line and frame scanning, three-color emitter of white
color, synchronization sensors are placed, device of line scanning is equipped
with hard reflecting plate, installed at the end of elastic strip of the second
resonator, line scanning device is placed into hermetically sealed case with
transparent window, frame scanning device is similar to line scanner or
includes reflecting plate with vibratory drive or drive from micro-motor, for
example step motor, three-color emitter includes three chips (red, green, blue)
and equipped with fiber-optic system for mixing colors, which are installed in
helmet.
4.
Device according to paragraph 3
characterized in that system of control of scanners-oculars, video signal and
three-color emitter includes line selector, delay unit, two memory units (first
and second), reading unit, mixer, synchronization unit with photo sensors,
connecting bus-bars, generator of clock pulses, power supply, line selector is
connected by bus bars with delay unit and first memory unit, reading unit is
connected by bas bars with first memory unit and mixer, which is connected by
bus bars with delay unit, mixer, is connected by bus bars with second memory
unit, which is connected by bus bars with synchronization unit with photo
sensors, photo sensors are installed as end probes of line and frame scanning inside scanner-ocular.
5.
Device according to paragraphs 1 and 2
(variant 2) characterized in that in device of line scanning second resonator
is made in form of optical light conductor made of elastic material and goes
along of inside the first resonator, fixed end of optical light conductor is
connected with three-color emitter of white color, scanner-ocular contains one
or more devices of line scanning, installed inside scanning rotating head.
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Fig. 24